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Participio passato
The past participle is a verb form with several roles. It’s essential in the creation of compound verb tenses/moods and the passive voice, and it can also be used as an adjective.
The Italian past participle usually ends in
1) Compound verb forms
Compound verb tenses and moods are two-word verb forms made up of a conjugated auxiliary verb (avere or essere) plus a past participle.
Per esempio…
| Compound verb form | ||||
| Ho perso le mie chiavi. | I lost my keys. | passato prossimo | ||
| Ero già caduto. | I had already fallen. | trapassato prossimo | ||
| L’avrò provato. | I will have tried it. | futuro anteriore |
2) Passive voice
Essere plus a past participle forms the passive voice.
Per esempio…
| Roma è amata da tutti. | Rome is loved by all. | |
| Le stazioni di servizio sono spesso derubate. | Gas stations are often held up. | |
| Il matrimonio sarà seguito da un ricevimento. | The wedding will be followed by a reception. |
3) Adjectives
When used as an adjective, the Italian past participle may be equivalent in English to a past or present participle, or to a regular adjective.
Per esempio…
| C’è una macchina ferma nell’incrocio. | There’s a stopped car in the intersection. | |
| I bambini sono seduti in salotto. | The kids are sitting in the living room. | |
| Perché è arrabbiata? | Why is she angry? |
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